Medicine

Last updated on: October 30th, 2021

Hi there!

You’re looking at a short reference article from Explain Medicine (one of four distinct learning formats available in Clinical Odyssey). Try it out, and have fun improving your clinical skills.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Introduction

Definition

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune disorder characterized by a mix of IgE and non-IgE mediated hypersensitivity in response to an allergen (most often, food).

Epidemiology

EoE can present at any age. A 3:1 male to female predominance is seen. EoE is more common in persons of Caucasian ethnicity. However, this might be because most studies to date have been performed in Western countries.

Etiology and pathogenesis

Innate and adaptive mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of EoE. Th-2 cell activation after exposure to an offending agent result in a cascade of inflammatory cells (i.e., mast cells, basophils, and dendritic cells). These cells produce and release eosinophils, basophils, histamine, and interleukins (IL)-4, 5, 9 and 13, leading to an acute eosinophilic based allergic response with mucosal infiltration and edema. Fibrosis and dysmotility from chronic inflammation result in stricture formation, luminal narrowing, and esophageal ring formation.

Want to continue reading?

Subscribe to Clinical Odyssey today.
  • Enjoy unlimited access to 700+ learning modules.
  • Safely improve your skills, anytime and anywhere.
  • Get answers to your follow-up questions from practicing physicians.
Learn more ➜