A 45-year-old man presents with severe pain, redness, and swelling of his right big toe. This woke him up from sleep, around an hour ago. There is no history of trauma. His medical history is unremarkable. He is not on any medications, including over-the-counter drugs or supplements. He smokes 1 to 2 cigarettes each day and consumes an average of 12 units of alcohol each week.